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{{Unreferenced stub|auto=yes|date=December 2009}} The '''Pottawatomie Rifles''' was a group of about one hundred [[abolitionism|abolitionist]] (or [[free state]]) [[Kansas]] settlers of [[Franklin County, Kansas|Franklin]] and [[Anderson County, Kansas|Anderson]] counties, both of which are along the Pottawatomie Creek. The band was formed in the fall of 1855, during the [[Bloody Kansas]] period, as an armed [[militia]] to counter growing [[proslavery]] presence (an influx of men known as [[Border Ruffian]]s) in the area and along the [[Missouri]] border. Led by [[John Brown (abolitionist)|John Brown]]'s son, John Brown, Jr., men from the Pottawatomie Rifles took part in much of the violence known as [[Bleeding Kansas]], including the [[Battle of Osawatomie]] and the [[Pottawatomie Massacre]]. Although John Brown, who was famous for his own raids and his involvement with [[Harriet Tubman]] in the [[attack on Harpers Ferry]], frequently accompanied his son, he was not officially a member of the group. The [[Pottawatomie Massacre]] took place between the night of May 24 and the morning of [[May 25th, 1856]]. In revenge for the sacking of [[Lawrence]], [[Kansas]] by [[pro-slavery]] forces such as [[Border Ruffians]],in which a sheriff-led mob trashed newspaper offices and a hotel and killed two men. John Brown and various abolitonist settlers and abolitionist groups, most of whom were Pottawatomie Rifles, killed five pro-slavery settlers. The incident occurred north of [[Pottawatomie Creek]], near its junction to [[Mosquito Creek]], in [[Franklin County, Kansas|Franklin County]], [[Kansas]]. Some sources cite that John Brown, Sr. led the Massacre, beginning from May 22, in a private expedition which consisted of his sons Oliver, Watson, Owen, and Frederick, his son-in-law Henry Thompson, and two men named James Townsley and Thomas Winer who were transporting the men in their wagons, but not his son John Brown Jr. [[Category:1850s riots]] [[Category:Riots and civil unrest in the United States]] [[Category:Bleeding Kansas]] {{US-hist-stub}}
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